Overview | |
---|---|
Service type | Shinkansen |
Status | Operational |
Locale | Honshu, Japan |
First service | 10 June 1962 (Limited express) 15 November 1982 (Shinkansen) |
Current operator(s) | JR East |
Former operator(s) | JNR |
Route | |
Start | Tokyo |
End | Niigata |
Line(s) used | Joetsu Shinkansen |
On-board services | |
Class(es) | Standard + Green |
Catering facilities | Trolley service |
Technical | |
Rolling stock | E2 series, E4 series, E7 series |
Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 81⁄2 in) |
Electrification | 25 kV AC (50 Hz), overhead |
Operating speed | 240 km/h (150 mph) |
The Toki (とき) is a high-speed Shinkansen train service operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) on the Joetsu Shinkansen in Japan.[1]
The name is taken from the Japanese name of the crested ibis, for which Niigata is famous.
Station Stops[edit]
- Ueno*
- Kumagaya*
- Honjo-Waseda*
- Takasaki*
- Jomo-Kogen*
- Echigo-Yuzawa*
- Urasa*
- Nagaoka*
- Tsubame-Sanjo*
Setup is simple and easy with Toki OS. Simply download the OS, flash it to your device, and you're done! Step 1 - Download Toki OS to your computer. Step 2 - Ensure that you have a Raspberry Pi 3/4, a 32 GB micro SD card, Power Supply, microSD Flasher (Balena Etcher), and ethernet cord. Toki,时下年轻人都爱玩的娱乐社交App! 经典的你画我猜游戏,轮流画,轮流猜,比拼的不仅是才华与画功,更是脑洞与想象力。 引领风潮的狼人游戏,察言观色,蛛丝马迹,紧张刺激的逻辑推理,有点烧脑才. The Toki (とき) is a high-speed Shinkansen train service operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) on the Joetsu Shinkansen in Japan. 1 The name is taken from the Japanese name of the crested ibis, for which Niigata is famous.
Toki 1 1 0 1
(*) Not served by all trains
Rolling stock[edit]
- E2 series 10-car sets (from 26 January 2013)[2]
- E4 series 8-car sets (Max Toki)
- E7 series 12-car sets (Toki)
An E2 series set
An E4 series set on a Max Toki service in January 2006
Former rolling stock[edit]
- E1 series 12-car sets (Max Toki) (until 28 September 2012)
- 200 series 10-car 'K' sets (until 15 March 2013)
A refurbished E1 series set
A refurbished 200 series set
History[edit]
Limited express[edit]
The name Toki was first introduced on 10 June 1962 for limited express services operating between Ueno in Tokyo and Niigata on the Joetsu Line. This service operated until 14 November 1982, the day before the Joetsu Shinkansen opened.[3]
Shinkansen[edit]
From the start of services on the newly opened Jōetsu Shinkansen on 15 November 1982, Toki became the name used for the all-stations shinkansen services operating initially between Ōmiya and Niigata, later between Ueno and Niigata, and eventually between Tokyo and Niigata.[3]
The Toki name was discontinued from October 1997 following the introduction of new Tanigawa all-stations services between Tokyo and Echigo-Yuzawa. However, the name was reinstated from December 2002 to replace the name Asahi used for all Tokyo to Niigata trains.[1]
E2 series 10-car sets were re-introduced on four return Toki services daily from 26 January 2013, operating at a maximum speed of 240 km/h.[2][4]
Special train services[edit]
A special Joetsu Shinkansen 30th Anniversary (上越新幹線開業30周年号」, Jōetsu Shinkansen Kaigyō 30-shūnen-gō) service ran as Toki 395 from Omiya to Niigata on 17 November 2012 using 10-car 200 series set K47.[5]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ abJR新幹線&特急列車ファイル [JR Shinkansen & Limited Express Train File]. Japan: Kotsu Shimbun. 2008. ISBN978-4-330-00608-6.
- ^ ab上越新幹線でE2系の定期運用再開 [E2 series returns to regular duties on Joetsu Shinkansen]. Japan Railfan Magazine Online (in Japanese). Japan: Koyusha Co., Ltd. 27 January 2013. Archived from the original on 23 October 2017. Retrieved 23 October 2017.
- ^ ab列車名鑑1995 [Train Name Directory 1995]. Japan: Railway Journal. August 1995.
- ^E2系車両を上越新幹線に投入! [E2 series trains to be introduced on Joetsu Shinkansen] (PDF). News Release (in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. 16 November 2012. Retrieved 16 November 2012.
- ^'とき'395号「上越新幹線開業30周年記念号」運転 [Toki 395 'Joetsu Shinkansen 30th Anniversary']. Japan Railfan Magazine Online (in Japanese). Japan: Koyusha Co., Ltd. 18 November 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Toki (train). |
- 200 series Yamabiko/Toki/Nasuno/Tanigawa(in Japanese)
- E1 series Max Toki/Max Tanigawa at the Wayback Machine (archived 22 July 2011) (in Japanese)
- E4 series Max Toki/Max Tanigawa(in Japanese)
We are very excited to announce Tokio 0.2. This is a ground up rework of Tokiobased on async / await
and experience gained over the past three years.
Add the following to Cargo.toml
:
This is a major update, and as such there are changes to almost all parts of thelibrary. To highlight a few:
Based on
async / await
for superior ergonomics.A brand new, much faster, scheduler.
Focus on making the Tokio dependency as lightweight as possible.
async / await
If you have used Tokio to date, then you are familiar with the 'old' way ofwriting asynchronous Rust.. it was not fun. Waves 10 complete v24 4 2019 review. Most ended up writing statemachines by hand. This was cumbersome and error prone.
As of Rust 1.39, the async / await
is available on the stable channel andTokio 0.2 takes full advantage of it. Whenever possible, Tokio provides anasync fn
based API, usually modeled after std
.
For example, accepting sockets from a TcpListener
is done with the asyncaccept
function:
I/O operations are provided as async
functions:
The same applies to the rest of the Tokio API surface.
Starting the Tokio runtime
Setting the entry point of a Tokio application can now be done with a procmacro:
Toki 1 1 0 Ml
This starts up the Tokio runtime and all necessary infrastructure to power theapplication.
A new scheduler
The new Tokio comes with a scheduler that was built from the ground up to takeadvantage of the new asynchronous task system. It is based on the experiencegained from Tokio 0.1 as well as all the hard work put into other ecosystemslike Go, Erlang, Java, and others.
There are still improvements to make, but initial testing using Hyper shows a30+% speed up in macro level benchmarks between the old scheduler and the newscheduler.
You can read more about it here.
Since it landed on master, some Tokio users have been experimenting with the newscheduler and have seen some very impressive real world improvements in theirapplications. Hopefully they will blog about them soon!
A lightweight Tokio dependency
One of the biggest complaints users have about Tokio to date is the weight ofthe depenedency. Adding a dependency on Tokio has historically added a largenumber of transitive dependencies and added time spent compiling.
For example, a 'hello world' Tokio 0.1 application on my laptop would pull in 43crates and take 50 seconds to compile (not counting time spent downloading thedependencies).
Tokio addresses this issue on two fronts. First, most Tokio components have beencollapsed into a single crate: tokio
and transitive dependencies were prunedaggressively. Second, Tokio components have been made opt-in using featureflags instead of always on. Simply pulling in the tokio
dependency will onlyget you a few traits.
To get started with Tokio 0.2, you will need to request feature flags. A full
feature flag includes everything and is an easy way to get started:
On my laptop, this reduces the total number of crates to 23. Compile time onlydrops to 40 seconds.
Real benefits start happening when the user of Tokio starts only requesting thecomponents that are needed to run the application. To run the TCP echo serverexample, the io-util
, rt-threaded
, and tcp
feature flags are needed. Now,Tokio pulls in 13 crates and compiling takes 13 seconds.
There is more work to be done on pruning dependencies. Mio 0.7, which prunesfurther dependencies, is not included with Tokio 0.2. Tokio 0.3 will include Mio0.7.
Thanks
Of course, none of this would be possible without our amazing team andcontributors who worked on this release. Many individuals submitted PRs rangingfrom doc fixes to migrating entire crates to std::future::Future
. Some names Iwant to call out, in no particular order:
A pre-emptive thanks to all those working on Mio 0.7, which sadly didn't makethe cut for this release, but will happen soon!
And a big thanks to Buoyant, the makers of Linkerd(the proxy is written inRust), who sponsored most of the work.
A Roadmap to 1.0
All that being said, we are shipping version 0.2. The question of 'why not 1.0?'has come up a few times. After all, Tokio 0.1 has been stable for three years.The short answer: because it isn't time. There is nobody who would rather ship aTokio 1.0 than us. It also isn't something to rush.
After all, async / await
only landed in the stable Rust channel weeks ago.There has been no significant production validation yet, except maybe fuchsiaand that seems like a fairly specialized use case. This release of Tokioincludes significant new code and new strategies with feature flags. Also, thereare still big open questions, such as the proposed changes toAsyncRead
and AsyncWrite
.
Tokio 1.0 will be released as soon as the APIs are proven to handle real-worldproduction cases.
Tokio 1.0 in Q3 2020 with LTS support
The Tokio 1.0 release will be no later than Q3 2020. It will also come with'long-term support' guarantees: Cardhop 1 2 2 x 2.
- A minimum of 5 years of maintenance.
- A minimum of 3 years before a hypothetical 2.0 release.
When Tokio 1.0 is released in Q3 2020, on-going support, security fixes, andcritical bug fixes are guaranteed until at least Q3 2025. Tokio 2.0 will notbe released until at least Q3 2023 (though, ideally there will never been aTokio 2.0 release).
How to get there
While Tokio 0.1 probably should have been a 1.0, Tokio 0.2 will be a true0.2 release. There will breaking change releases every 2 ~ 3 months until 1.0.These changes will be much smaller than going from 0.1 -> 0.2. It isexpected that the 1.0 release will look a lot like 0.2.
What is expected to change
The biggest change will be the AsyncRead
and AsyncWrite
traits. Based onexperience gained over the past 3 years, there are a couple of issues toaddress:
- Be able to safely use uninitialized memory as a read buffer.
- Practical read vectored and write vectored APIs.
There are a few strategies to solve these problems. These strategies need to beinvestigated and the solution validated. Ssh config editor pro 1 11 514. You can see thiscomment for a detailed statement of the problem.
The other major change, which has been in the works for a while, is updatingMio. Mio 0.6 was first released almost 4 years ago and has not had a breakingchange since. Mio 0.7 has been in the works for a while. It includes a fullrewrite of the windows support as well as a refined API. More will be writtenabout this shortly.
Finally, now that the API is starting to stabilize, effort will be put intodocumentation. Tokio 0.2 is being released before updating the website and manyof the old content will no longer be relevant. In the coming weeks, expect tosee updates there.
So, we have our work cut out for us. We hope you enjoy this 0.2 release and arelooking forward to your feedback and help.
- Announcing Tokio 0.2 and a Roadmap to 1.0